The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate the ICT based intervention package using a randomized controlled trial design. The ICT package included an android mobile application for the frontline health workers and web-based data visualization and monitoring tools for the frontline supervisors, upazila level managers, district level managers, and project implementers. The application was primarily used by the Family Welfare Assistants (FWA) of DGFP. Using the mobile application, the FWAs could register household and target beneficiaries, based on this information follow-up visit schedules were generated automatically to conduct households level services on a timely manner. During the household visits, the FWAs collected information on pregnancy status, antenatal care follow-up, postnatal care follow-up and essential newborn care follow-up. Based on the information available, the application generated different risk flags, alert notes, colored notifications, reminder SMS, and follow-up SMS so that FWAs can make evidence-based decisions to ensure timely service delivery for pregnant women, lactating mothers and newborn children. The web dashboards generated real-time reports based on the data available in the systems sent by the FWAs. The web dashboard generated different automated visualizations on service coverage, performance, achievement, trends and indicator wise tabular reports for informative and timely decision making.

A total of 12 FWAs were included in the study, with 6 FWAs getting intervention and 6 FWAs serving as controls. From all 12 FWAs, a total of 509 nursing mothers were available for the baseline survey. For the endline survey, 161 nursing women were available from 11 FWAs. Purposive sampling was used to select respondents for qualitative data collecting. Ten mothers were chosen from the intervention and control groups. The quantitative portion utilized a pre-post control design and was quasi-experimental. For the qualitative component, focus groups and in-depth interviews were used. The end line survey was designed with the cross-sectional technique in mind.

The OpenSRP platform was used to create mTika. "mTika" was used to electronically register each child's birth and send text messages to mothers reminding them of immunization deadlines. Moms used regular phones that they or their families already owned, while health assistants/vaccinators and supervisors in intervention zones were given Android smart phones with "mTika". Vaccination coverage was measured before and after the intervention in both the intervention and control regions. In control areas, full immunization coverage among children above the age of 298 days actually decreased, while it increased in intervention areas. Across all age categories, the intervention had a positive influence on age-appropriate vaccine coverage. According to qualitative data, the intervention was well-received.

A TNA team has been formed consisting of CARE, Plan Bangladesh and ESDO staffs of JANO project. The team sat down and finalized the TNA tool through team consensus and revising the feedback that had been obtained previously. In the seven (7) JANO project upazilas of Rangpur and Nilphamari districts, the assessment covered diverse government and private front line extension officers/workers: Gangachara, Kaunia, Taraganj, Domar, Jaldhaka, Kishorgonj, and Nilphamari Sadar. The JANO MIS systems contained a list of government frontline employees and randomly selected persons for an interview from that list. Following data collection, the TNA team sat down to analyze the field data and generated a department-by-department analysis report.

A TNA team has been formed consisting of CARE, Plan Bangladesh and ESDO staffs of JANO project. The team sat down and finalized the TNA tool through team consensus and revising the feedback that had been obtained previously. In the seven (7) JANO project upazilas of Rangpur and Nilphamari districts, the assessment covered diverse government and private front line extension officers/workers: Gangachara, Kaunia, Taraganj, Domar, Jaldhaka, Kishorgonj, and Nilphamari Sadar. The JANO MIS systems contained a list of government frontline employees and randomly selected persons for an interview from that list. Following data collection, the TNA team sat down to analyze the field data and generated a department-by-department analysis report.

Information on Bondhu Chula users were collected from Barguna (Sadar), Chottogram (Satkania), Tangail (Mirgapur), Jassore (Sadar), Sirajganj (Rayganj), Rangpur (Sotibari), Sylhet (Ataram). One of the main goals of the study is to validate sales data provided by various partner organizations. The most important verification data is provided using a variety of quantitative indicators. In the analysis part, general information, user feedback and preference indicators, user feedback and institutional characteristics, sustainability were sectioned separately to get a deeper understanding on user entities, primary metrics (accessibility, health protection, convenience), quantitative inputs and long-term viability.

The goals were to gain a thorough understanding of garment workers' financial activities, as well as their knowledge and technological challenges, perception obstacles, gender barriers, and socioeconomic barriers. In Dhaka and its surrounds, 60 people participated in six focus groups, thirteen in-depth interviews, a community visit, two expert interviews, observation of a CHANGE training session, and an observation day of an ATM truck being brought to the plant. Women made up 87 percent of interviews and participants in focus groups, demonstrating that they are the majority of RMG employees. As a result, industrial workers and their families were able to meet their financial product and service demands, resulting in greater financial inclusion.

SONGO operates with two LSP-style market intermediaries that offer a mix of advising and SBCC services, as well as products and services to SONGO's target households and groups. A total of 162 Nutrition Sales Agents and 36 Farm Business Advisors work for this. NSA and FBA surveys, Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), Secondary Research, and In-depth Interviews (IDIs) with input retailers, sales agents, and customers at various levels had been the most common quantitative data collection methods in this study.

In this study, the research questions explored the background and rationality behind developing the e-Primary school system, identified the existing features of the e-Primary system and the impact that they had in the pilot project, and explained how they enable data to be collected on a granular level on school infrastructure, teachers, and students, and enabled customized reports to be generated as per requirement, for relevant stakeholders to make decisions. According to field study undertaken by mPower to evaluate the pilot project, it was identified that the system was being utilized efficiently as a record-keeping tool to systematically bring together all of their school-level data across three separate modules.

Under this research project the specific tasks of mPower included, identification of the targeted sample households/individuals, developing the questionnaire, understanding of the questionnaire, training for the enumerators, household survey, middleman survey, community survey. The baseline survey was conducted in the char areas of Gaibandha district. Both the island and the attached char were selected for the survey.

The goal of the study was to learn more about how the Rohingya crisis has affected young people's livelihood possibilities, as well as their perspectives on social tensions between the host population and the Rohingya. The study used both quantitative and qualitative research methods, as well as a thorough evaluation of secondary literature. A youth survey was used to acquire a comprehensive overview of male and female youth training interests and ability levels. Following that, two gender-segregated focus group discussions (FGDs) with local youngsters were held (that included- educated, uneducated, unskilled, skilled, students and graduates from general education and vocational education, and finally youths who are entrepreneurs).

The study was designed using a qualitative technique, with 30 key informant interviews (KIIs) conducted with local TVET authorities (both public and private). Interviews with government agencies in charge of various training programs and local development authorities were also undertaken. Finally, interviews with local TVET students and graduates were conducted. Aside from desk research, there was also field research. Bangladesh's TVET system was evaluated using several benchmark reports. In addition, KII were undertaken on a case-by-case basis to acquire extra data and confirm findings from desk research or other interviews.

An assessment of the labor market needs of Cox’s Bazar was commissioned to better understand the constraints and opportunities that may exist to enhance social cohesion between the host community and refugee youth. Additional considerations within the study included the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and gender and inclusion issues within the labor market. The results of the study will be used to inform targeted interventions through the USAID YES Activity, aimed at enhancing the opportunities for host community youth to access employment and training. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were selected to obtain the data utilized within this study and to obtain perspectives of different stakeholders. Research techniques included using a household survey of informal workers, Key Informant Interviews (KII).

The goal is to design and develop an evidence-based implementation plan for effective implementation strategy adaptation and site selection in order to meet project goals. As per the target, WBCs and WICs from Bagerhat, Jamalpur, Khulna, Noakhali, and Laxmipur district were selected. For the assessment, interview guidelines and a readiness assessment checklist for the selected WBCs and WICs were developed. Using the guidelines and the checklist, the team members conducted sessions with the WBC leaders and entrepreneurs. The WBC readiness assessment checklist was filled out in discussions with the WBC/WIC leader and observation of the interviewer. The in-depth interview sessions were conducted separately with the leaders and the entrepreneurs.

The objectives of this assignment were

• Understand the association between ICT, Digital Bangladesh, and climate change and disaster risk management system in Bangladesh;
• Assess the ICT capacity and infrastructure of BMD, BWDB, DAE, and DDM;
• Conduct a need analysis of relevant stakeholders in regards to use of information for climate change and DRM related services;
• Finally, propose recommendations that could feed into the design of ICT modernization and upgrading of ICT infrastructure of the main suppliers of weather/water information/services namely BMD and BWDB.

Data was collected from a number of sources, at varying intervals from all corners of the country, namely

• weather stations
• radar
• pilot balloon observatories
• radio-sondes
• satellites

The survey was focused on 456 livestock farmers as the project needed to learn detailed insight on livestock farming in target locations. mPower collected in depth data of all the relevant stakeholders to understand the real field scenario which covers almost all the main actors of livestock value chain and their pain points. Main indicators were-

• Farmers’ knowledge of their cattle breed and access to their cattle records
• Awareness among farmers on selection of appropriate semen for their cows
• AI technicians’ practice of AI application vs what is optimal
• Quality of livestock services
• Cost of livestock treatment services for farmers
• Productivity from livestock
• Incidence of cattle mortality
• The average number of service delivery by service providers
• Monthly income of service providers
• DLS and/or semen companies use digital dashboard for improved monitoring of field activities

The findings of the study were used in designing and implementation of project’s targeted digital interventions as well as evaluation of the project’s impact.

An integrated ICT approach was designed with 10 types of interventions which involves mobile apps, web apps, call center and multimedia content for mobile phones to address the aforesaid challenges in agriculture. Jessore and Satkhira districts were selected purposively for the qualitative study where the ICT-based Agricultural Extension Support Activity (AESA) Project was implemented from 2012 to 2018. Total six focus group discussions were conducted in six places of selected two districts. Findings of showed that, these applications or materials have enhanced the farmers’ knowledge and experience regarding agricultural extension service. The system increased the level of involvement and capacity of SAAAOs. A useful collection of applications for farmers was created and SAAOs that have the potential to improve agriculture in the areas they serve.

A case-control, mixed method study was conducted to evaluate the ICT components of the Agricultural Extension Support Activity (AESA), a USAID funded project. The sampling frame was derived from files of 108,223 beneficiaries of the program. Survey sample size was 800 and 10 FGD and 8 IDI was conducted. The survey was conducted with farmers, ICT leaders or champions, SAAOs. Focus group discussion was conducted with farmers and in-depth interviews with ICT Champions, Call Center Personnel, and Input Sellers.

Mobile app was used for data collection. Since the survey was specific to farmers that got benefit from LSPs’ app usage, the sampling of farmers was done based on consultation with LSPs that used the app. In total 376 farmers were interviewed. The survey was designed to capture two things: farmers’ adoption of improved technologies and improvement in LSPs’ operational efficiency. Under farmers’ adoption of improved management practice, following practices were selected: vaccination, deworming, artificial insemination, standard housing, high yielding fodder cultivation and concentrated feed. Under LSPs’ operational efficiency, the service parameters we measured were – timely service delivery, appropriate treatment, timely follow-up, prescription through SMS and overall satisfaction level.

The assessment was expected to shed light on the need for such service in view of alternatives farmers currently have and any short fall of current alternatives in terms of challenges, in accuracy and trustworthiness of agronomic advisory. The findings of this exercise have direct bearing on our selection of crops, content development, service design and delivery method(s). Major findings of the need assessment exercise are presented in three categories:

• Cultivation practices
• Information seeking behavior
• Technology and medium preferences

The USAID Agriculture Extension Support Activity worked in 20 districts in the central and southwest areas of Bangladesh namely Barisal, Dhaka and Khulna Divisions with an objective to build capacity and create support for farmer in a demand-driven agricultural extension system to leverage information communication technology (ICT). The project has been initiated with the goal to strengthen the existing agriculture extension services in the 20 districts in southwest and central Bangladesh with a goal to improve food security and nutrition for 200,000 vulnerable women and smallholder farmers in a sustainable manner. The findings of the study comprised the following information:

• An outline of farmers’ needs for technology driven agricultural extension support;
• A complete mapping of institutional structure and ICT infrastructure of Government and private initiatives in agricultural extension service delivery;
• A complete behavioral mapping of ICT tool usage by farmers and extension agents;
• Potential scope of ICT innovations in Agriculture Extension Support Services;

In the Rangpur district, in the Pirganj and Badarganj upazilas, 1,547 potato growers with a cell phone participated in the study. 708 farmers were randomly allocated to receive non-branded GEOPOTATO notifications (control group) and 839 farmers to receive GEOPOTATO alerts with Bayer-branded fungicide recommendations (treatment group). This strategy allows researchers to separate the impact of branded GEOPOTATO alerts on farmers' awareness of the Bayer brand, product consumption, and faith in the GEOPOTATO service from other variables that may influence these variables.